Topics: Culture
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1791 - North Coastal - view
On
an expedition to the Hawkesbury River with Colbee, Marine Captain Watkin Tench notes
that the dialect of the sea coast is also spoken at Parramatta.
1791 - North Coastal - view
David
Collins identifies the north shore clan as Cameragal, “by far the most
numerous. … most robust and muscular”. They officiate in ceremonies for many
clans, in which the boy’s front upper tooth is knocked out”. Collins notes that
the Cameragal had the best fishing spots around the harbour, North Head, Middle
Head and the Spit. (Collins 1975)
1791 - North Coastal - view
Tench
observes language differences: “Although our natives (in Sydney)
and the strangers (Hawkesbury
River) conversed on a par
and understood each other perfectly, yet they spoke different dialects of the
same language”. (Tench 1996)
1791 - West - view
Koradji (special or clever men and women who had great cultural and spiritual knowledge and skill)
1791 - North West - view
“inland language” is different to the “coastal language”
1791 - North West - view
a boy carrying a torch of flaming tea tree bark
1795 - North Coastal - view
Cameragal
elders officiate at the Erah-ba-diang intitiation ceremony at Wogganmagully
(Farm Cove).
1796 - North Coastal - view
Fishermen
shipwrecked in Broken
Bay are welcomed by
Koories, fed and shown the way back to Port Jackson. They arrive back with a
story that a white woman is living “amongst the blacks”. A volunteer boat
returns to the Bay but finds no evidence.
1796 - North Coastal - view
Koori
people are “beginning to annoy the settlers” on the Hawkesbury, John Lacy
operating a passenger boat from Sydney
to the Hawkesbury is killed. Governor Hunter asks settlers to “mutually afford
assistance to each other by assembling when ever any numerous body of the
natives are known to be lurking about”. (HRNSW vol 3, p. 26)
1796 - North Coastal - view
“The
settlers of the northern farms have frequently lost clothing and provisions as
a result of the Aborigines. The settlers armed themselves and in the fight,
five Aborigines were killed.” (Collins 1971 vol 2, p. 27). “The Aboriginal
people were no longer the object of pity or cruel amusement … the murder of
Aboriginal men was justified on the grounds that the Aborigines were
treacherous, evil minded, blood thirsty set of men”. (Clark 1962, p. 145 quoted
in Morris 1978). By the end of the first Hawkesbury conflict it is unofficially
not always regarded as murder to carry out indiscriminate killing of Aboriginal
men, women or children by settlers or by government punitive expeditions. Many
colonists believe that they should not be prosecuted for protecting their
crops.
1800 - South West - view
ceremonial site
1801 - North West - view
“The lobsters were caught by the women who, in the sea front dived down among the rocks for them”